高中英语必修第一册人教版Unit 5 Section I 课文译注

大家好，欢迎来到IT知识分享网。

THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT

China is widely known for② its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite③the many ups and downs④ in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors⑤ has been the Chinese writing system.[1]

[1]该句是由but连接的并列句。前面的分句为there be句式，其中why this has been possible是定语从句，修饰reasons。

At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture –based⑥ language. It dates back⑦several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones⑧ and shells⑨ on which symbols⑩ were carved⑪ by ancient Chinese people. [2] Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.

[2]on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词animal bones and shells。

By the Shang Dynasty⑫ (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically⑬, leading to many varieties⑭ of dialects⑮ and characters. [3] This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BCE).

[3]as引导原因状语从句，该从句中包含一个“it is/ was a time when…”句型，意为“这是一个……的时代/时刻”，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time。现在分词短语 leading to… characters作结果状语。

Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major⑯ states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. [4] Even today, no matter where⑰ Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. [5]

[4]be of great importance= be very important“非常重要”，“of+抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。

[5]“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句，what前省略了no matter。

Written Chinese has also become an important means⑱ by which China’s present is connected with⑲ its past. People in modern times can read the classic⑳ works㉑which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard㉒ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters㉓ as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy㉔, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.[6]

[6]过去分词短语known as Chinese calligraphy作后置定语，修饰art form；关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰art form。

Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global㉕ affairs㉖, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate㉗

China’s culture and history through this amazing language. [7]

[7]as在此引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”。

①system n.体系；制度；系统

②be known for 因……而著名

③despite prep. 即使；尽管

④ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱

⑤factor n.因素；要素

⑥based adj.以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的

base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据

⑦date back (to…) 追溯到

⑧bone n.骨头；骨（质）

⑨shell n.壳；壳状物

⑩symbol n.符号；象征

⑪carve vt.& vi.雕刻

⑫dynasty n.王朝；朝代

⑬geographically adv.地理上地

geographical adj.地理的

geography n.地理（学）；地形

⑭variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化

⑮dialect n.地方话；方言

⑯major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程：主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究

⑰ no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……；不管…… ⑱means n.方式；方法；途径

⑲be connected with 与……有联系

⑳classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n.经典作品；名著

㉑work n.[C]著作，作品 classic works 经典作品

㉒regard n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待

㉓character n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点

㉔calligraphy n.书法；书法艺术

㉕global adj.全球的；全世界的

㉖affair n.公共事务；事件；关系

㉗appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值

汉字书写体系：连接过去与现在

尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。

汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。

到商朝（约公元前1600年—公元前1046年）时，这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同方言和汉字变体的产生。然而，这在秦朝（公元前221年—公元前207年）秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。

秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。

汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字 发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的一个 重要组成部分。

今天，汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。