颜读（27）：Matlab学习之三维曲面图和常用函数

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“颜读（27）：Matlab学习之三维曲面图和常用函数”

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“Yan Du (27): MATLAB Learning: 3D Surface Plots and Commonly Used Functions.”

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一、思维导图（Mind Mapping）

二、常用函数说明（Explanation of commonly used functions）

（1）surf

在MATLAB中，surf是一个核心函数，用于绘制三维曲面图，通过输入矩阵数据生成带有颜色映射和光照效果的曲面，支持自定义网格、颜色、透明度及视角，广泛应用于科学计算、工程分析和数据可视化领域。

In MATLAB, the surf function is a core tool for generating 3D surface plots. It creates a colored surface with grid lines by inputting matrix data, incorporating color mapping and lighting effects to enhance visualization. The function supports extensive customization options, including mesh density, color schemes, transparency (alpha blending), and viewing angles, making it widely applicable in scientific computing, engineering analysis, and data visualization fields.

（2）mesh

在MATLAB中，mesh是一个用于绘制三维网格图的核心函数，它通过显示网格线（而非填充面）来可视化曲面形状，适用于观察数据结构、分析曲面趋势或与其他图形叠加对比。

In MATLAB, the mesh function is a core tool for generating 3D wireframe mesh plots. It visualizes surface shapes by displaying grid lines only (without filled faces), making it ideal for inspecting data structures, analyzing surface trends, or overlaying comparisons with other graphics.

（3）meshc

在MATLAB中，meshc 是一个用于绘制三维网格图并在XY平面上添加等高线的函数，它是 mesh 函数与 contour 函数的结合体，能够在展示曲面网格结构的同时，通过等高线直观反映高度变化。

In MATLAB, the meshc function is a specialized tool for generating 3D wireframe mesh plots with contour lines projected onto the XY plane. It combines the functionality of the mesh function (displaying surface grid lines) with the contour function (adding height-based contour lines), enabling simultaneous visualization of surface structure and elevation trends.

（4）surfc

在MATLAB中，surfc 是一个用于绘制三维曲面图并在曲面下方添加等高线投影的函数，它是 surf与 contour的结合体，能够同时展示曲面的立体形状和高度分布。

In MATLAB, the surfc function is a specialized tool for generating 3D surface plots with contour projections beneath the surface. It combines the functionality of surf (displaying a filled, colored 3D surface) with contour (adding height-based contour lines on the XY plane), enabling simultaneous visualization of the surface’s 3D shape and its elevation distribution.

（5）contour3

在MATLAB中，contour3 是一个用于绘制三维空间中的等高线的函数，它将传统的二维等高线扩展到三维坐标系中，常用于展示曲面在三维空间中的高度分布或等值面。

In MATLAB, the contour3 function is a tool for plotting 3D contour lines in space, extending traditional 2D contour plots into a three-dimensional coordinate system. It is commonly used to visualize height distributions or isosurfaces of a 3D surface, providing a clear representation of elevation trends in 3D space.

（6）fsurf

fsurf是 MATLAB中用于绘制三维参数曲面或显式函数曲面的核心函数，能够自动优化网格密度以生成平滑的曲面图，尤其适合快速可视化数学表达式或参数方程定义的曲面。

Fsurf is a core function in MATLAB for plotting 3D parametric surfaces or explicit function surfaces. It automatically optimizes mesh density to generate smooth surface plots, making it particularly well-suited for rapid visualization of mathematical expressions or surfaces defined by parametric equations.

（7）waterfall

waterfall是 MATLAB中用于绘制三维瀑布图的函数，它通过沿一个方向（通常是 y 轴）逐步展开的曲线（或带状面）展示三维数据的变化趋势，特别适合可视化矩阵数据或随时间/参数变化的序列数据。

Waterfall is a MATLAB function designed to create 3D waterfall plots, which visualize trends in three-dimensional data by displaying stepwise-unfolded curves (or ribbon-like surfaces) along a single axis (typically the Y-axis). This approach effectively highlights how data evolves across one dimension while maintaining continuity in the other two.

三、绘制三维曲面图（Plot a 3D surface）

接下来小编在MATLAB中分别演示以上常用函数surf、mesh、meshc、surfc、contour3、fsurf、waterfall的三维曲面图像并附上相关代码。

Next, the author will demonstrate the visualization of 3D surface plots in MATLAB using the following commonly used functions:surf, mesh, meshc, surfc, contour3, fsurf, and waterfall. Each example includes the corresponding MATLAB code and rendered images.

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翻译：文心一言

参考资料：CSDN博客、deepseek、MATLAB官网

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