wxpython的简单使用【代码实现】

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一、常用函数介绍

在做界面设计之前，首先来介绍一下常用的函数。

1、wx.StaticText()

函数作用：用来在界面上添加文字。

常见使用方法如下所示：

txt = wx.StaticText(self.panel, label="想要显示的内容") 

2、wx.TextCtrl()

函数作用：用来在界面上显示状态栏

（1）仅显示状态栏

常见使用方法如下：

txt_ctrl1 = wx.TextCtrl(self.panel, size=(10, 10)) txt_ctrl2 = wx.TextCtrl(self.sympol.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, pos=wx.DefaultPosition, size=(200, 250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE) 

第二种显示的方式可以在状态栏的后边换行，并增加状态栏的内容；第一种则不行。

（2）链接回调

def __init__(self): self.text_ctrl1 = wx.TextCtrl(Ctrl.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 50)) self.text_ctrl2 = wx.TextCtrl(Ctrl.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(200, 250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE) def Setvalue(self, event): '''按下按钮立即执行此函数''' self.text_ctrl1.SetValue("你是不是猪\n") self.text_ctrl1.SetValue("你好\n") self.text_ctrl2.AppendText("hello\n") self.text_ctrl2.AppendText("world\n") 

3、wx.Button()

函数作用：在界面中添加按钮，在按钮按下的时候，执行某项操作

（1）仅显示按钮选项

按钮的显示依靠的是wx.Button()函数，其使用方法如下所示：

btn1 = wx.Button(Left.GetStaticBox(), label="按钮1") 

（2）链接回调功能函数

  此时虽然已经可以正常显示按钮，但是却没有绑定任何的功能。如果想要让按钮在被按下的时候执行某项功能，就需要对按钮进行函数绑定，此时我们用到的ROI是 Bind()，具体使用方法如下所示：

class…… def __init__(self): wx.App.__init__(self) self.frame = wx.Frame(None, title="demoUI") self.panel = wx.Panel(self.frame) btn1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Setvalue) def Setvalue(self, event): '''按下按钮立即执行此函数''' self.text_ctrl1.SetValue("你是不是猪\n") self.text_ctrl1.SetValue("你好\n") self.text_ctrl2.AppendText("hello\n") self.text_ctrl2.AppendText("world\n") 

  此时当按下按钮的时候，就会执行Setvalue()函数中的内容，比如在本例子中，当按下“按钮1”的时候，就会在第一个状态栏中显示“你好\n”；并在第二个状态栏中显示“hello \n world \n ”

4、wx.Choice（）

函数作用：用来制作选择框

（1）仅显示选择框按钮

detect_choice = [u"YOLO检测", u"身份检测", u"关键点检测", u"行为检测"] self.choice = wx.Choice(self.detect_op.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(80, 25), detect_choice, 0) self.choice.SetSelection(0) 

（2）链接回调函数

class App(wx.App): def __init__(self): self.text_ctrl2 = wx.TextCtrl(Ctrl.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(200, 250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE) detect_choice = [u"我是猪", u"我不是猪", u"你是猪", u"你不是猪"] self.choice = wx.Choice(self.detect_op.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(80, 25), detect_choice, 0) self.choice.SetSelection(0) self.choice.Bind(wx.EVT_CHOICE, self.detect_choice) def detect_choice(self, event): detect_sym = event.GetString() detect_sym = u"当前词条为 :\t{}\n".format(detect_sym) self.text_ctrl2.AppendText(detect_sym) 

二、常用框架

  wxpython的使用方法形形色色，对于“基于对象”思维薄弱的同学很不友好，有些代码也十分难以理解。因此我自己总结了一套wxpython的使用代码方法，如下所示：

import wx import cv2 class App(wx.App): def __init__(self): wx.App.__init__(self) self.frame = wx.Frame(None, title="demoUI") self.panel = wx.Panel(self.frame) # ----------------------- # 新建控件位置变量 # ----------------------- VERTICAL = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) # 垂直方向的位置变量 HORIZONTAL = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) # 水平方向的位置变量 Left = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.panel, wx.ID_ANY, "操作栏"), wx.VERTICAL) Ctrl = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.panel, wx.ID_ANY, "状态栏"), wx.VERTICAL) HORIZONTAL.Add(Left, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) HORIZONTAL.Add(Ctrl, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) VERTICAL.Add(HORIZONTAL) # 绑定事件 btn1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Setvalue) self.choice.Bind(wx.EVT_CHOICE, self.detect_choice) # ----------------------- # 最终一些乱七八糟的设置 # ----------------------- self.panel.SetSizer(VERTICAL) self.panel.Layout() HORIZONTAL.Fit(self.frame) self.frame.Show() if __name__ == '__main__': app = App() app.MainLoop() 

三、使用实例

import wx import cv2 class App(wx.App): def __init__(self): wx.App.__init__(self) self.frame = wx.Frame(None, title="demoUI") self.panel = wx.Panel(self.frame) # ----------------------- # 新建控件位置变量 # ----------------------- VERTICAL = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) HORIZONTAL = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) # ----------------------- # 新建控件 # ----------------------- image = wx.EmptyImage(500, 500) self.image_sys = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.panel, wx.ID_ANY, "检测结果与实时图像"), wx.VERTICAL) self.live_image = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.image_sys.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "实时图像"), wx.VERTICAL) self.txt_image = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.image_sys.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "检测结果"), wx.HORIZONTAL) self.txt = wx.StaticText(self.txt_image.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 10)) self.image = wx.StaticBitmap(self.live_image.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.BitmapFromImage(image)) self.opare = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.panel, wx.ID_ANY, "操作栏"), wx.VERTICAL) self.image_op = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.opare.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "图片操作栏"), wx.HORIZONTAL) self.detect_op = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.opare.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "检测选择栏"), wx.HORIZONTAL) self.para_op = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.opare.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "参数设置栏"), wx.VERTICAL) self.sympol = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.opare.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, "状态栏"), wx.VERTICAL) # 图片操作栏 grider = wx.GridSizer(0, 2, 0, 9) btn_open = wx.Button(self.image_op.GetStaticBox(), label="打开文件", size=(10, 10)) btn_close = wx.Button(self.image_op.GetStaticBox(), label="关闭文件") # 选择 grider_det = wx.GridSizer(0, 3, 0, 9) detect_choice = [u"YOLO检测", u"身份检测", u"关键点检测", u"行为检测"] self.choice = wx.Choice(self.detect_op.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(80, 25), detect_choice, 0) self.choice.SetSelection(0) self.btn_det = wx.Button(self.detect_op.GetStaticBox(), label="开始检测") self.btn_cancel_det = wx.Button(self.detect_op.GetStaticBox(), label="取消检测") # 参数设置 grider1 = wx.GridSizer(0, 2, 0, 1) self.btn_ret = wx.Button(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), label="待检索图片文件夹") self.sym_ret = wx.TextCtrl(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 10)) grider2 = wx.GridSizer(0, 3, 0, 2) self.btn_yolo_para = wx.StaticText(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), label="YOLO权重") self.btn_identity_para = wx.StaticText(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), label="身份识别权重") self.btn_behav_para = wx.StaticText(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), label="行为识别权重") self.txt_yolo_para = wx.TextCtrl(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 10)) self.txt_identity_para = wx.TextCtrl(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 10)) self.txt_behav_para = wx.TextCtrl(self.para_op.GetStaticBox(), size=(10, 10)) # 状态栏 self.text_ctrl = wx.TextCtrl(self.sympol.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, pos=wx.DefaultPosition, size=(200, 250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE) # ----------------------- # 绑定事件 # ----------------------- btn_open.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.openfile) #self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.opendir, self.btn_ret) self.btn_ret.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.opendir) #btn_close.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, sel) self.choice.Bind(wx.EVT_CHOICE, self.detect_choice) # ----------------------- # 控件分布 # ----------------------- grider.Add(btn_open, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider.Add(btn_close, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider1.Add(self.btn_ret, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider1.Add(self.sym_ret, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.btn_yolo_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.btn_identity_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.btn_behav_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.txt_yolo_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.txt_identity_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider2.Add(self.txt_behav_para, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider_det.Add(self.choice, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider_det.Add(self.btn_det, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) grider_det.Add(self.btn_cancel_det, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.sympol.Add(self.text_ctrl, 1, wx.EXPAND, 5) self.image_op.Add(grider, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.detect_op.Add(grider_det, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.para_op.Add(grider1, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.para_op.Add(grider2, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.live_image.Add(self.image, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.txt_image.Add(self.txt, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.opare.Add(self.image_op, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.opare.Add(self.detect_op, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.opare.Add(self.para_op, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.opare.Add(self.sympol, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.image_sys.Add(self.live_image, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) self.image_sys.Add(self.txt_image, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) HORIZONTAL.Add(self.image_sys, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) HORIZONTAL.Add(self.opare, 0, wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND, 5) VERTICAL.Add(HORIZONTAL) # ----------------------- # 最终一些乱七八糟的设置 # ----------------------- self.panel.SetSizer(VERTICAL) self.panel.Layout() HORIZONTAL.Fit(self.frame) self.frame.Show() self.frame.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.onclose) def openfile(self, event): wildcard = "JPEG files (*.jpg) | *.jpg" dialog = wx.FileDialog(None, "choose a file", wildcard=wildcard, style=wx.FD_OPEN) if dialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: self.text_ctrl.SetValue(dialog.GetPath() + '\n') dialog.Destroy() def opendir(self, event): wildcard = wx.DirDialog(None, "选择文件夹", style=wx.DD_DEFAULT_STYLE) if wildcard.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: self.sym_ret.SetValue(wildcard.GetPath()) wildcard.Destroy() def detect_choice(self, event): detect_sym = event.GetString() detect_sym = u"当前状态为 :\t{}\n".format(detect_sym) self.text_ctrl.AppendText(detect_sym) def Show_sym(self, sym): self.text_ctrl.AppendText(sym) def onclose(self, evt): dlg = wx.MessageDialog(None, u'确定要关闭本窗口？', u'操作提示', wx.YES_NO | wx.ICON_QUESTION) if (dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES): self.Destroy() if __name__ == '__main__': app = App() app.MainLoop() 

总结