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目录
VTK的编译与环境搭建
这部分目前已经有了大佬做了成熟的傻瓜式配置，大家可以参考这篇文章：VTK+VS2019(或其他版本均可) 傻瓜式一站式 配置_Nancy_fairy的博客-CSDN博客_vs2019 vtk
VTK一般渲染流程
这部分的介绍也很多，大家可以参考这篇文章：VTK基础教程（1）- vtkPolyData 介绍
VTK数据类型-vtkPolyData
使用vtk自带的多边形数据
vtk自带很多的成熟的多边形数据，包括圆柱，球体，锥体等。我们仅需设置几个属性就可以使用现成的数据创建模型并显示。以下为创建显示锥体的代码
void SimpleVtk() { vtkConeSource* source = vtkConeSource::New(); source->SetHeight(13); source->SetRadius(5); vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); coneMapper->SetInputConnection(source->GetOutputPort()); vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New(); coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper); vtkRenderer* render = vtkRenderer::New(); vtkRenderWindow* renwin = vtkRenderWindow::New(); vtkRenderWindowInteractor* iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); render->AddActor(coneActor); render->SetBackground(0.8, 0.4, 0.4); renwin->AddRenderer(render); iren->SetRenderWindow(renwin); iren->Initialize(); iren->Start(); source->Delete(); coneMapper->Delete(); coneActor->Delete(); render->Delete(); renwin->Delete(); iren->Delete(); }首先创建锥体资源，并设置其属性，紧接着将其传递给映射器，映射器将结果传递给渲染组件进行渲染显示。以下为运行的结果：
使用自己创建的数据
当然有时候默认的模型会不够用，我们想要自己创建模型。以下为创建一个四面体的代码：
void makePolyData() { vtkPoints* points = vtkPoints::New(); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vtkTriangle* tran1 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 1); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 2); vtkTriangle* tran2 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 1); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkTriangle* tran3 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 2); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkTriangle* tran4 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 1); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 2); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkCellArray* cells = vtkCellArray::New(); cells->InsertNextCell(tran1); cells->InsertNextCell(tran2); cells->InsertNextCell(tran3); cells->InsertNextCell(tran4); vtkPolyData* source = vtkPolyData::New(); source->SetPoints(points); source->SetPolys(cells); vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); coneMapper->SetInputData(source); vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New(); coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper); vtkRenderer* render = vtkRenderer::New(); vtkRenderWindow* renwin = vtkRenderWindow::New(); vtkRenderWindowInteractor* iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); render->AddActor(coneActor); render->SetBackground(0.8, 0.4, 0.4); renwin->AddRenderer(render); iren->SetRenderWindow(renwin); iren->Initialize(); iren->Start(); points->Delete(); tran1->Delete(); tran2->Delete(); tran3->Delete(); tran4->Delete(); cells->Delete(); source->Delete(); coneMapper->Delete(); coneActor->Delete(); render->Delete(); renwin->Delete(); iren->Delete(); } 首先创建点资源，并通过InsertNextPoint方法添加坐标点，其次创建四面体的四个三角形，通过GetPointIds()->SetId()方法设置点的索引，然后再将四个三角形通过InsertNextCell方法添加进多边形单元中。再然后将点资源和多边形单元添加到vtkPolyData中，将Data置入渲染流程即可显示这个四面体。以下为输出的结果：
很显然这种生成方式略显繁琐，vtk可以添加三角形带进入多边形单元中。一般情况下的3D模型都是由三角形带组成的，且三角形带非常节约资源且渲染速度快。以下为三角形带的代码：
void makePolyData2() { vtkPoints* points = vtkPoints::New(); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vtkCellArray* array = vtkCellArray::New(); array->InsertNextCell(6); array->InsertCellPoint(1); array->InsertCellPoint(3); array->InsertCellPoint(0); array->InsertCellPoint(2); array->InsertCellPoint(1); array->InsertCellPoint(3); vtkPolyData* source = vtkPolyData::New(); source->SetPoints(points); source->SetStrips(array); vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); coneMapper->SetInputData(source); vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New(); coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper); vtkRenderer* render = vtkRenderer::New(); vtkRenderWindow* renwin = vtkRenderWindow::New(); vtkRenderWindowInteractor* iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); render->AddActor(coneActor); render->SetBackground(0.8, 0.4, 0.4); renwin->AddRenderer(render); iren->SetRenderWindow(renwin); iren->Initialize(); iren->Start(); points->Delete(); array->Delete(); source->Delete(); coneMapper->Delete(); coneActor->Delete(); render->Delete(); renwin->Delete(); iren->Delete(); }通过InsertCellPoint方法将点的索引添加进三角带中，在资源中使用SetStrips添加三角带。以下为渲染结果：
添加顶点颜色
既然我们已经成功的生成了四面体，但他是灰色的，显然不是很好看。以下为添加颜色显示的代码，首先是添加顶点颜色：
void makePolyDataAndSetColor() { unsigned char red[3] = { 255, 0, 0 }; unsigned char green[3] = { 0, 255, 0 }; unsigned char blue[3] = { 0, 0, 255 }; vtkPoints* points = vtkPoints::New(); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vtkCellArray* array = vtkCellArray::New(); array->InsertNextCell(6); array->InsertCellPoint(1); array->InsertCellPoint(3); array->InsertCellPoint(0); array->InsertCellPoint(2); array->InsertCellPoint(1); array->InsertCellPoint(3); vtkUnsignedCharArray* pointsColors = vtkUnsignedCharArray::New(); pointsColors->SetNumberOfComponents(3); pointsColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(red); pointsColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(green); pointsColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(blue); pointsColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(red); vtkPolyData* source = vtkPolyData::New(); source->SetPoints(points); source->SetStrips(array); source->GetPointData()->SetScalars(pointsColors); vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); coneMapper->SetInputData(source); vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New(); coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper); vtkRenderer* render = vtkRenderer::New(); vtkRenderWindow* renwin = vtkRenderWindow::New(); vtkRenderWindowInteractor* iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); render->AddActor(coneActor); render->SetBackground(0.8, 0.4, 0.4); renwin->AddRenderer(render); iren->SetRenderWindow(renwin); iren->Initialize(); iren->Start(); points->Delete(); array->Delete(); pointsColors->Delete(); source->Delete(); coneMapper->Delete(); coneActor->Delete(); render->Delete(); renwin->Delete(); iren->Delete(); }新建一个unsignedchar数组作为颜色资源，将颜色通过InsertNextTypedTuple()方法加入到颜色资源中。然后将顶点颜色资源通过GetPointData()->SetScalars()方法加入到polyData中。以下为渲染结果：
添加面颜色
当然我们也可以给每个面添加纯色：
void makePolyDataAndSetColor2() { unsigned char red[3] = { 255, 0, 0 }; unsigned char green[3] = { 0, 255, 0 }; unsigned char blue[3] = { 0, 0, 255 }; vtkPoints* points = vtkPoints::New(); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vtkTriangle* tran1 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 1); tran1->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 2); vtkTriangle* tran2 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 1); tran2->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkTriangle* tran3 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 0); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 2); tran3->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkTriangle* tran4 = vtkTriangle::New(); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(0, 1); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(1, 2); tran4->GetPointIds()->SetId(2, 3); vtkCellArray* cells = vtkCellArray::New(); cells->InsertNextCell(tran1); cells->InsertNextCell(tran2); cells->InsertNextCell(tran3); cells->InsertNextCell(tran4); vtkUnsignedCharArray* cellColors = vtkUnsignedCharArray::New(); cellColors->SetNumberOfComponents(3); cellColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(red); cellColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(green); cellColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(blue); cellColors->InsertNextTypedTuple(red); vtkPolyData* source = vtkPolyData::New(); source->SetPoints(points); source->SetPolys(cells); source->GetCellData()->SetScalars(cellColors); vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); coneMapper->SetInputData(source); vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New(); coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper); vtkRenderer* render = vtkRenderer::New(); vtkRenderWindow* renwin = vtkRenderWindow::New(); vtkRenderWindowInteractor* iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); render->AddActor(coneActor); render->SetBackground(0.8, 0.4, 0.4); renwin->AddRenderer(render); iren->SetRenderWindow(renwin); iren->Initialize(); iren->Start(); points->Delete(); cellColors->Delete(); tran1->Delete(); tran2->Delete(); tran3->Delete(); tran4->Delete(); cells->Delete(); source->Delete(); coneMapper->Delete(); coneActor->Delete(); render->Delete(); renwin->Delete(); iren->Delete(); }这次用的是GetCellData()->SetScalars()方法将面颜色传递给各个面。渲染结果如下：
大家也可以试试同时添加顶点颜色和面颜色是什么效果。
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