Linux基础命令[29]-chown

大家好，欢迎来到IT知识分享网。

1. chown 命令说明

chown：更改文件的用户或用户组，需要 root 用户或 sudo 权限的用户执行该命令。基本信息如下：

Usage: chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE... or: chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE. -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is the default), rather than the symbolic link itself -h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink) --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute --no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default) --preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/' --reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than specifying OWNER:GROUP values -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final one takes effect. -H if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it -L traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered -P do not traverse any symbolic links (default) --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER. OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic. Examples: chown root /u Change the owner of /u to "root". chown root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff". chown -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root". GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'chown invocation' 

参数如下：

2. chown 命令语法

chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE 

3. chown 命令示例

3.1 修改属主

[root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 root root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]# chown test1 a.txt  [root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test1 root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]#  

3.2 修改属组

修改属组需要加冒号

[root@localhost aaa]# chown :test1 a.txt  [root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]# id test2 uid=1015(test2) gid=1015(test2) groups=1015(test2) [root@localhost aaa]# chown 1015 a.txt  [root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]#  

3.3 修改属主和属组

[root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test2 a.txt  [root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]#  

3.4 修改文件夹所属

修改文件夹时，若不加 -R 选项，会只修改该文件夹的所属，加 -R 会将该文件夹下所有内容一起修改。

[root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test1 bbb/ [root@localhost aaa]# ll total 0 -r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt drwxrwxrwx. 3 test1 test1 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb [root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/ [root@localhost bbb]# ll total 0 -rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc [root@localhost bbb]# cd .. [root@localhost aaa]# chown -R test1:test1 bbb/ [root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/ [root@localhost bbb]# ll total 0 -rwxrwxrwx. 1 test1 test1 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt drwxrwxrwx. 2 test1 test1 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc [root@localhost bbb]#  

4. 总结

chown：更改文件的用户或用户组，常用命令

chown 属主:属组 文件 

若是想同步改变文件夹的内容所属，则加上 -R。