Adafruit_GFX显示中文详细教程

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对Adafruit_GFX库函数进行了一些更改，让它支持中文

准备工作2023.12.20重新编辑对部分文件进行优化

1、软件的安装

这个是make文件

all: fontconvert CC = gcc #这个不用动 #这个是加入头文件，让在打包时能找到头文件，找到自己的头文件地址进行更换 CFLAGS = -Wall -I/opt/homebrew/Cellar/freetype/2.13.0_1/include/freetype2 -I/opt/homebrew/Cellar/freetype/2.13.0_1/include #这个是库，mac下需要指定freetype位置，不然make报错 LIBS = -lfreetype -L/opt/homebrew/Cellar/freetype/2.13.0_1/lib fontconvert: fontconvert.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@ strip $@ clean: rm -f fontconvert 

./fontconvert 字体.ttf 16 温度计高差长摄氏 >> ch.h 

 #ifndef ARDUINO #include <string.h> #include <locale.h> #include <time.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <ft2build.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include FT_GLYPH_H #include FT_MODULE_H #include FT_TRUETYPE_DRIVER_H #include "gfxfont.h" // Adafruit_GFX font structures #include <assert.h> #define DPI 141 // Approximate res. of Adafruit 2.8" TFT FT_Library library; FT_Face face; FT_Glyph glyph; FT_Bitmap* bitmap; FT_BitmapGlyphRec* g; GFXglyph* table; uint8_t bit; int i, j, i_1; int err; int size; int first = ' '; int last = '~'; int bitmapOffset = 0, x, y, byte; char* fontName, c, * ptr; wchar_t mb; int cdat; unsigned char s [2] = { 
    '0' }; char str [1000]; wchar_t Chinese_unicode [1000]; int Chinese_code[] = { 
    0 }; void enbit(uint8_t value) { 
    static uint8_t row = 0, sum = 0, bit = 0x80, firstCall = 1; if (value) sum |= bit; // 如果需要，设置位 if (!(bit >>= 1)) { 
    // 前进到下一位，是否到达字节末尾？ if (!firstCall) { 
    // 很好地格式化输出表 if (++row >= 12) { 
    // 行上的最后一个条目? printf(",\n "); // Newline format output row = 0; // Reset row counter } else { 
    // Not end of line printf(", "); // Simple comma delim } } printf("0x%02X", sum); // 写入字节值 sum = 0; // Clear for next byte bit = 0x80; // Reset bit counter firstCall = 0; // Formatting flag } } //Unicode编码转utf-8，将中文Unicode编码以汉字输出 int enc_unicode_to_utf8_one(unsigned long unic, unsigned char* pOutput, int outSize) { 
    assert(pOutput != NULL); assert(outSize >= 6); if (unic <= 0x0000007F) { 
    // * U-00000000 - U-0000007F: 0xxxxxxx *pOutput = (unic & 0x7F); return 1; } else if (unic >= 0x00000080 && unic <= 0x000007FF) { 
    // * U-00000080 - U-000007FF: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx *(pOutput + 1) = (unic & 0x3F) | 0x80; *pOutput = ((unic >> 6) & 0x1F) | 0xC0; return 2; } else if (unic >= 0x00000800 && unic <= 0x0000FFFF) { 
    // * U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx *(pOutput + 2) = (unic & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 1) = ((unic >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *pOutput = ((unic >> 12) & 0x0F) | 0xE0; return 3; } else if (unic >= 0x00010000 && unic <= 0x001FFFFF) { 
    // * U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx *(pOutput + 3) = (unic & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 2) = ((unic >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 1) = ((unic >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *pOutput = ((unic >> 18) & 0x07) | 0xF0; return 4; } else if (unic >= 0x00 && unic <= 0x03FFFFFF) { 
    // * U-00 - U-03FFFFFF: xx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx *(pOutput + 4) = (unic & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 3) = ((unic >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 2) = ((unic >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 1) = ((unic >> 18) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *pOutput = ((unic >> 24) & 0x03) | 0xF8; return 5; } else if (unic >= 0x0 && unic <= 0x7FFFFFFF) { 
    // * U-0 - U-7FFFFFFF: x 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx *(pOutput + 5) = (unic & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 4) = ((unic >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 3) = ((unic >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 2) = ((unic >> 18) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *(pOutput + 1) = ((unic >> 24) & 0x3F) | 0x80; *pOutput = ((unic >> 30) & 0x01) | 0xFC; return 6; } return 0; } void English_convert_Bitmaps() { 
    for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++, j++) { 
    // MONO渲染器通过位图结构提供具有完美裁剪（没有浪费像素）的干净图像。 if ((err = FT_Load_Char(face, i, FT_LOAD_TARGET_MONO))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d loading char '%c'\n", err, i); continue; } if ((err = FT_Render_Glyph(face->glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_MONO))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d rendering char '%c'\n", err, i); continue; } if ((err = FT_Get_Glyph(face->glyph, &glyph))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d getting glyph '%c'\n", err, i); continue; } bitmap = &face->glyph->bitmap; g = (FT_BitmapGlyphRec*)glyph; //存储最小的字体和每个字形信息，以减少闪存空间需求。 //Glyph位图是完全位压缩的；没有按扫描线填充， //不过在需要时可以将每个字符的末尾填充到下一个字节边界。 //16位偏移量意味着位图的最大64K，代码当前不检查溢出。 //（也不检查大小和偏移是否在范围内……请负责任地转换字体。） table [j].bitmapOffset = bitmapOffset; table [j].width = bitmap->width; table [j].height = bitmap->rows; table [j].xAdvance = face->glyph->advance.x >> 6; table [j].xOffset = g->left; table [j].yOffset = 1 - g->top; for (y = 0; y < bitmap->rows; y++) { 
    for (x = 0; x < bitmap->width; x++) { 
    byte = x / 8; bit = 0x80 >> (x & 7); enbit(bitmap->buffer [y * bitmap->pitch + byte] & bit); } } // 如果需要，将字符位图的末尾填充到下一个字节边界 int n = (bitmap->width * bitmap->rows) & 7; if (n) { 
    // Pixel count not an even multiple of 8? n = 8 - n; // # bits to next multiple while (n--) enbit(0); } bitmapOffset += (bitmap->width * bitmap->rows + 7) / 8; FT_Done_Glyph(glyph); } } void English_convert_Glyphs() { 
    for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++, j++) { 
    printf(" { %5d, %3d, %3d, %3d, %4d, %4d }", table [j].bitmapOffset, table [j].width, table [j].height, table [j].xAdvance, table [j].xOffset, table [j].yOffset); printf(", // 0x%02X", i); printf(" '%c'", i); putchar('\n'); } } void Chinese_convert_Bitmaps() { 
    for (i = 0; i < i_1; i++, j++) { 
    //printf("\n"); //printf("开始第%d个", i); // MONO渲染器通过位图结构提供具有完美裁剪（没有浪费像素）的干净图像。 if ((err = FT_Load_Char(face, Chinese_code [i], FT_LOAD_TARGET_MONO))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d loading char '%c'\n", err, Chinese_code [i]); continue; } if ((err = FT_Render_Glyph(face->glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_MONO))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d rendering char '%c'\n", err, Chinese_code [i]); continue; } if ((err = FT_Get_Glyph(face->glyph, &glyph))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Error %d getting glyph '%c'\n", err, Chinese_code [i]); continue; } bitmap = &face->glyph->bitmap; g = (FT_BitmapGlyphRec*)glyph; //存储最小的字体和每个字形信息，以减少闪存空间需求。 //Glyph位图是完全位压缩的；没有按扫描线填充， //不过在需要时可以将每个字符的末尾填充到下一个字节边界。 //16位偏移量意味着位图的最大64K，代码当前不检查溢出。 //（也不检查大小和偏移是否在范围内……请负责任地转换字体。） table [j].bitmapOffset = bitmapOffset; table [j].width = bitmap->width; table [j].height = bitmap->rows; table [j].xAdvance = face->glyph->advance.x >> 6; table [j].xOffset = g->left; table [j].yOffset = 1 - g->top; for (y = 0; y < bitmap->rows; y++) { 
    for (x = 0; x < bitmap->width; x++) { 
    byte = x / 8; bit = 0x80 >> (x & 7); enbit(bitmap->buffer [y * bitmap->pitch + byte] & bit); } } // 如果需要，将字符位图的末尾填充到下一个字节边界 int n = (bitmap->width * bitmap->rows) & 7; if (n) { 
    // 像素数不是8的偶数倍吗？ n = 8 - n; // # 位到下一个倍数 while (n--) enbit(0); } bitmapOffset += (bitmap->width * bitmap->rows + 7) / 8; FT_Done_Glyph(glyph); } } void Chinese_convert_Glyphs() { 
    //int icode = Chinese_unicode [0]; for (i = 0; i < i_1; i++, j++) { 
    printf(" { %5d, %3d, %3d, %3d, %4d, %4d }", table [j].bitmapOffset, table [j].width, table [j].height, table [j].xAdvance, table [j].xOffset, table [j].yOffset); if (i < i_1 - 1) { 
    printf(", // 0x%02X", Chinese_code [i]); enc_unicode_to_utf8_one(Chinese_code [i], s, 10); printf(" '%s'", s); putchar('\n'); } else { 
    printf(" // 0x%02X", Chinese_code [i]); enc_unicode_to_utf8_one(Chinese_code [i], s, 10); printf(" '%s'", s); putchar('\n'); } } } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { 
    size = atoi(argv [2]); if (argc == 4) { 
    setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); strcpy(str, argv [3]); mbstowcs(Chinese_unicode, str, 1000); Chinese_code [0] = Chinese_unicode [0]; for (i = 0;Chinese_code [i] != 0;i++) { 
    Chinese_code [i] = Chinese_unicode [i]; } i_1 = i - 1; int temp; for (i = 0;i < i_1 - 1;i++) { 
    for (j = i + 1;j < i_1;j++) { 
    if (Chinese_code [i] > Chinese_code [j]) { 
    temp = Chinese_code [i]; Chinese_code [i] = Chinese_code [j]; Chinese_code [j] = temp; } } } //printf("0x%d \n", i_1); //printf("0x%x \n", Chinese_unicode [1]); //printf("0x%x \n", Chinese_unicode [2]); ptr = strrchr(argv [1], '/'); // 查找文件名中的最后一个斜线 if (ptr) ptr++; // 文件名的第一个字符（去掉路径） else ptr = argv [1]; // 没有路径；本地目录中的字体。 // 为字体名称和字形表分配空间 if ((!(fontName = malloc(strlen(ptr) + 20))) || (!(table = (GFXglyph*)malloc((last - first + 1 + i_1) * sizeof(GFXglyph))))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Malloc错误\n"); return 1; } strcpy(fontName, ptr); ptr = strrchr(fontName, '.'); // 查找最后一个句点（文件文本） if (!ptr) ptr = &fontName [strlen(fontName)]; // If none, append sprintf(ptr, "%dpt%db", size, (last > 127) ? 8 : 7); for (i = 0; (c = fontName [i]); i++) { 
    if (isspace(c) || ispunct(c)) fontName [i] = '_'; } if ((err = FT_Init_FreeType(&library))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "FreeType init error: %d", err); return err; } FT_UInt interpreter_version = TT_INTERPRETER_VERSION_35; FT_Property_Set(library, "truetype", "interpreter-version", &interpreter_version); if ((err = FT_New_Face(library, argv [1], 0, &face))) { 
    fprintf(stderr, "Font load error: %d", err); FT_Done_FreeType(library); return err; } // << 6 because '26dot6' fixed-point format FT_Set_Char_Size(face, size << 6, 0, DPI, 0); printf("const uint8_t %sBitmaps[] PROGMEM = {\n ", fontName); English_convert_Bitmaps();//转换英文字母及符号 Chinese_convert_Bitmaps(); printf(" };\n\n"); // End bitmap array printf("const GFXglyph %sGlyphs[] PROGMEM = {\n", fontName); English_convert_Glyphs(); Chinese_convert_Glyphs(); printf(" }; "); printf("\n\n"); //输出中文unicode码 printf("uint16_t Chinese_code[] ={\n"); for (i = 0;i < i_1;i++) { 
    if (i > 0 && /*((i / 5) - ((int)(i / 5))*/((i+1)%5 == 0)) { 
    printf("0x%02X,\n", Chinese_code [i]); } else { 
    printf("0x%02X,", Chinese_code [i]); } } //printf("0x%02X", Chinese_code [i + 1]); printf("}; \n"); // 输出字体结构 printf("const GFXfont %s PROGMEM = {\n", fontName); printf(" (uint8_t *)%sBitmaps,\n", fontName); printf(" (GFXglyph *)%sGlyphs,\n", fontName); printf(" (uint16_t*)Chinese_code,\n"); if (face->size->metrics.height == 0) { 
    // 没有面部高度信息，假设固定宽度并从字形中获取。 printf(" 0x%02X, 0x%02X, %d };\n\n", first, last + i_1, table [0].height); } else { 
    printf(" 0x%02X, 0x%02X, %ld };\n\n", first, last + i_1, face->size->metrics.height >> 6); } printf("// Approx. %d bytes\n", bitmapOffset + (last + i_1 - first + 1) * 7 + 7); // Size estimate is based on AVR struct and pointer sizes; // actual size may vary. FT_Done_FreeType(library); return 0; } else { 
    printf("Usage:fontfile size [first] [last]\n"); return 1; } } #endif /* !ARDUINO */ 

这是gfxfont.h的更改

typedef struct { 
    uint8_t *bitmap; ///< 字形位图，串联 GFXglyph *glyph; ///< 字形阵列 uint16_t *Chinese_; //增加了中文unicode编码库 uint16_t first; ///< ASCII extents (first char) uint16_t last; ///< ASCII extents (last char) uint8_t yAdvance; ///< 新线距离 (y 轴) } GFXfont; 

SPIDMAClass spi_1; STM_ST7789 tft(&spi_1, SPI1NSS, TFT_DC, -1); void setup() { 
    Serial.begin(); //初始化串口 tft.begin(240, 240); //屏幕初始化 delay(100); tft.setRotation(2); //设置屏幕旋转 tft.setFont(&songti12pt7b); //设置字体 tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK); //清屏 tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_WHITE, ST77XX_BLACK); tft.setCursor(5, 60); tft.print("温度测量"); //新版已适配print()函数，目前支持123个汉字。 }